The recent approval of U.S. exchange-traded funds (ETFs) tracking bitcoin by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has sparked discussions about the potential risks these products pose to the broader financial system, according to experts.
The launch of 11 spot bitcoin ETFs from issuers like BlackRock and Invesco/Galaxy Digital marks a significant milestone for the crypto industry, which has historically faced challenges related to investor protection and regulatory approval. While crypto enthusiasts view these ETFs as a means for investors to access bitcoin more easily and safely, some experts caution against the unforeseen risks they may introduce.
SEC Chair Gary Gensler has warned investors about the volatility of bitcoin, emphasizing the need for caution when investing in these products. With approximately $21 billion in assets combined, and predictions of attracting up to $100 billion in investments this year, these ETFs have the potential to amplify bitcoin price volatility and create dislocations between ETF prices and the underlying asset.
Experts point to previous instances of volatility in exchange-traded products, such as the 2018 collapse of a volatility-tracking exchange-traded note, which resulted in significant investor losses. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 triggered sell-offs in corporate bond ETFs, highlighting the potential for stress to spread to broader markets without intervention.
While ETF issuers have implemented risk mitigation measures, including redeeming ETF shares in cash rather than bitcoin, concerns persist about the systemic risks these products may pose. SEC Commissioner Caroline Crenshaw, who expressed reservations about the approval of bitcoin ETFs, highlighted the potential for these products to create a nexus with traditional markets, allowing crises in non-compliant crypto markets to spill over.
Despite assurances from ETF issuers and industry executives, experts emphasize the importance of closely monitoring the adoption and impact of bitcoin ETFs on the broader financial system. The potential for increased connectivity between cryptocurrencies and traditional markets underscores the need for ongoing scrutiny and risk assessment to safeguard financial stability.
As the adoption of bitcoin ETFs continues to unfold, regulators and market participants will need to collaborate to address emerging risks and ensure the integrity and resilience of the financial system in the face of evolving market dynamics.
